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Scurvy explained
27 Jan' 21

Scurvy explained

 

 

Scurvy, also known as severe vitamin C deficiency, is a disease caused by a lack of vitamin C. Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, it is a necessary component in the diet. It affects the growth and operation of a variety of body structures and systems including: The appropriate development of collagen, a protein that aids in the shape and stability of the body's connective tissues; cholesterol and protein metabolism; iron absorption; antioxidant action; wound healing and neurotransmitters such as dopamine and adrenaline production.

What are some of the signs and symptoms of scurvy?

Vitamin C has a variety of functions in the body. A vitamin shortage generates a slew of symptoms. Scurvy symptoms usually appear after at least four weeks of severe, ongoing vitamin C insufficiency. Symptoms, on the other hand, usually take three months or longer to appear.   

Symptoms to Look Out For

The following are early warning signs and symptoms of scurvy:   

  • weakness  
  • fatigue 
  • irritation and a loss of appetite  
  • Legs that hurt  
  • Fever of a mild intensity   

After one to three months, symptoms appear.

 

After one to three months, untreated scurvy can cause the following symptoms: 

  • bruising-like raised lumps at hair follicles, usually on the shins
  • anemia, when the blood lacks enough red blood cells or hemoglobin
  • gingivitis, or red, soft, and tender gums that bleed easily
  • skin hemorrhages, or bleeding under the skin  
  • Tender, swelling joints 
  • tooth decay  
  • shortness of breath  
  • chest discomfort  
  • eye dryness 
  • irritation and bleeding in the conjunctiva (whites of the eyes) or optic nerve  
  • wound healing and immune system health are both harmed.

Scurvy, if left untreated, can lead to life-threatening complications.

Read more Here's why eating oranges can help you lose weight 

Complications that are severe

Long-term, untreated scurvy can cause the following symptoms and complications:  

  • Internal hemorrhaging neuropathy, or numbness and discomfort in the lower limbs and hands
  • severe jaundice, which is yellowing of the skin and eyes
  • widespread pain, tenderness.
  • Hemolysis
  • convulsions  
  • failure of the organs  
  • delirium 
  • coma 
  • death 

Causes and risk factors

Vitamin C is a nutrient that your body cannot produce on its own. That means you must obtain all of the vitamin C your body requires through food, beverages, or supplementation.The majority of people who have scurvy don't have access to fresh fruits and vegetables, and they don't eat a nutritious diet. Scurvy affects a large number of people in poor countries. Scurvy may be significantly more common in affluent countries than previously thought, according to recent public health surveys, especially among at-risk populations. Medical issues and lifestyle choices both contribute to the condition's risk.

Malnutrition and scurvy are caused by a number of circumstances, including:  

  • Being a child or being over the age of 65 
  • alcohol consumption on a daily basis  
  • illicit drug usage  
  • When you live alone, you may need to follow a rigorous or specific diet.  
  • low income, limited access to healthy foods  
  • is a homeless person or a refugee living in a place where fresh fruits and vegetables are scarce  
  • Psychiatric diseases include fear of food, such as eating disorders.  
  • Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis are examples of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that cause neurological impairments.  
  • gastrointestinal or metabolic issues  
  • Living in a place where the culture's food is nearly exclusively made up of carbs such as bread, pasta, and corn has a negative impact on one's immune system.  
  • Dehydration, persistent diarrhea, smoking, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy

Diagnosis

If your doctor suspects you have scurvy, he or she will ask about your food history, look for symptoms, and request a blood test. The vitamin C levels in your blood serum will be determined by a blood test. Vitamin C levels in the blood serum of persons with scurvy are usually less than 11 mol/L.

Read more Is it possible to consume too much Vitamin C and experience early or delayed periods?

Treatment

Scurvy is a relatively simple disease to treat, despite its severe symptoms.Vitamin C can be found in a variety of fruits and vegetables. It's also commonly used in drinks, cereals, and snacks. If you feel you have a mild case of scurvy, the best method to treat it is to eat at least five servings of fruits and vegetables every day.Oral vitamin C pills are commonly accessible, and most multivitamins contain the vitamin. Consult a doctor if symptoms persist after a few days of dietary modifications. A doctor may prescribe high-doses of oral vitamin C supplements for several weeks to months in severe, chronic instances of scurvy.  

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